Liquid-fuel burner



' Dec. 25, 1928. "1,696,547

' J. E. KRES'KY LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 11, 192'? '2 Sheets-Sheet1 FIIE EI-I INVENTOR FIE-1.22-

,4; A TTORNE Y3 Dec. 25, 1928.

7 1,696,547 J. E. KRESKY LIQUID FUEL BURNER Fi ed April 11, 1927 2Sheets-Sheet 2 lELE . Ill J INVENTOR J'ass e I. Kresky A7! 11-, ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 25,1928- PATENT OFFICE.

JESE E. KI i'ESKY, OF PETALUMA, CALIFORNIA.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed April 11,

My invention relates to burners adapted. to use liquid fuel such askerosene and distillate and in which the liquid fuel is converted into agas to be burned.

Burners in which kerosene or a comparable fuel is formed into a gas tobe burned are well hown and usually comprise a chamber in which theliquid fuel is heated and gasfied. They also usually include a pluralityof fuel outlet or release apertures thruwhich the gas escapes in anumber of jets to be burned as it issues therefrom. In such burners itis often difiicult to secure an equal distribution of gas to all of thefuel release apertures so that a steady, evenly distributed flameresults. Poor distribution sometimes is caused by cross drafts of airwhich displace I to serious consequences.

. therefrom.

i the apertures are made by sawing slots or cuts in a hollow memberwhich conducts the aseous fuel. Expansion and working the metal tendstobind and close the slots and reduces unevenly the quantity of fuelissuing It is therefore an object of my invention to provide a burner inwhich the combustible gas is burned in a plurality of jets to which thegas is evenly distributed. I

Another objectof my invention is to rovide means for conducting any fuelw ich leaks from the burner toa safe lace.

Another object of my inventlon is to provide aplurality of aperturesthru which fuel is released and which are not appreciably affected byexpansion or contraction of the surrounding metal.

An additional object of my invention is to provide a fuel nozzle whichis freely supplied with air but which is protected from cross drafts. Myinvention possesses other advantageous features, some of which with theforegoing, will. be set forth at len h in the fol- I lowing descriptionwhere I s all outline in 1927. Serial No. 182,632.

full that form of the liquid fuel burner of my invention, which I haveselected for illustratlon in the drawings accompanying and forming partof the present specification.

a plurality of forms.

In the drawings Fig. 1 shows the burner of my invention in longitudinalsection, the plane of section being ndicated by the line 1--1 of Fig. 5,and portions of the device being shown in elevaion, t Fig. 2 is a planof the burner of my inven- V Fig. 3 is a plan of'the starting wick forthe burner. Fig. 4=is a front elevation of the burner.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the burner, the plane of section beingindicated by line 5-5 of 1.

Fig. 6 shows in perspective one of the burner bars included in theclosure for the mixing chamber.

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the fuel nozzle of the burner, the plane ofsection being indicated by the line 7-7 of Fig. 4.

The liquid fuel burner of my invention preferably comprises a mixingchamber having a sump disposed below an associated fuel nozzle andarranged to protect the nozzle from cross drafts, together with aclosure forthe mixing chamber which includes a plurality of irregularburner bars adapted to form, in connection with interposed spacerstrips, a plurality of fuel release apertures in communication with themixing chamber thru channels adapted to give an even distribution of thefuel.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention disclosed in. the drawings,a mixing chamber 6 is provided in which the liquid fuel which preferablyhas previously been vaporized is mixed with air in combustibleproportions. The mixing chamber is usually of cast metal and is formedwithsupporting legs 7 for positionin the burner on a suitable. base. Thecham r 6 includes a bottom Wall 8, side walls 9 and end walls 10 whichare preferably made integrally. The remaimng side of the mixin chamber'6 is sealed by a closure 11 which includes a plate 12 having a pair ofsimilar flanges 13 thereon forming a gas tight union with the upper endsof the sides 9 and the ends 10. The plate 12 is aperturedlongitudinally, as at 14, to provide an outlet from the mixing chamber6. Intermediate the ends of the base plate 12 a bridge 16 is provided tostrengthen the base plate and to aid in distributing the gases flowingfrom the mixing chamber. Overlying the aperture 14 is a conduit such asa channel iron 17 in communication with the mixing chamber iron 6 thruthe aperture 14. The channel iron 17 is preferably secured to the mixingchamber 6 by bolts 18.

At each end of the channel iron 17, a notched support 19 is affixed tosupport a vaporizing tube 21. The vaporizing tube is provided at one endwith a connection 22 thru which liquid fuel, such as kerosene ordistillate, is supplied to the burner. To aid in the distribution of thefuel over the interior of the tube 21, a fuel distributor 23 is providedwhich preferably is a metal rod having a number of circumferentialflanges thereon. The distributor 23 is preferably inserted thru the endto which the connection 22' is attached. The distributor is spaced fromthe other end of the tube 21 by a wire 24 which abuts an upstanding tube26 intersecting the vaporizing tube 21 at substantially a right angle.The tube 26 extends downwardly to associate with one end of the mixingchamber 6. The tube 26 is laterally positio-nedby a segmental, notchedplate 27 adjustably secured to the base plate 12 by a screw 28. At itslower end, the tube 26 is squared and is sealed by means of a cap screw29. A nozzle 31 fits into a transverse bore in the tube. The nozzleincludes a spray tip 32 screwed into the squared portion of the tube 26and having an aperture 33 of a predetermined size. Also screwed into thesquared lower portion of the tube 26 is a body 34 carrying an adjustableneedle valve 36 packed by a gland 37. Manual adjustment of the needlevalve 36 regulates the amount of fuel which can discharge thru theaperture 33 and thereby regulates the rate of combustion of the burner.The spray tip 32 is situated in axial alinement with a horizontal sleeve38 located in an aperture in the end wall 10 and also sup ported by atransverse wall 39 passing across the mixing chamber 6. A bail 41secured to one end of the sleeve 38 affords convenient means for slidingthe sleeve in and out of the end wall to vary the amount of air whichmixes with the fuel issuing from the tip 32 and thereby affords meansfor varying to any desired extent the proportion of fuel and air.

Occasionally, liquid fuel issues from the nozzle 31 in excessivequantities and drips from the nozzle. In order to trap such liquld fueland conduct it away from the burner, preferably back to the fuel tank,the forward end of chamber 6 is preferably formed into a sump 42provided with a drain pipe 43 leading to any suitable point of disposalof the collected fluid.

Fuel issuing from the burner tip 32 and mixing with air regulated by thesleeve 38 passes into the mixing chamber 6 and flows upwardly from themixing chamber into the longitudinal conduit 17. The cross bar 16 aidsin distributing the gas evenly along the channel iron 17. From thechannel, the gaseous mixture flows laterally in the closure 11. Ateither side of the channel iron 17 and included in the closure are aplurality of burner bars 44, alternated with spacer strips 46. Angles 47are secured to the sides of the burner bars and are bolted with aninterposed gasket to the base plate 12. The entire assembly is heldtogether by thru bolts 48. The spacer strips are regular rectangles incross section while the burner bars are similar to the spacer strips incross section but with the addition at intervals of enlargements 49extending laterally and depending below the lower edge of the bar. Theenlargements 49 bear against the adjacent spacer strips and formintermediate apertures 51 thru which the fuel is released forcombustion. The depending portions of the enlargements 49 form channels50 transversely of the closure to aid in distributing the gas receivedfrom the longitudinal conduit 17 evenly over the entire series of fuelrelease apertures. This manner of constructing the fuel releaseapertures is particularly advisable inasmuch as expansion andcontraction of the metal is substantially even over the entire series ofapertures and does not tend to distort and reduce the size of someapertures and increase that of others. This effect is enhanced by thelocation of the bolts 48 in such a manner that the heat causes them toexpand and contract in unison with the burner bars and spacer strips,thereby maintaining a constant relationship of the parts.

The initial heat for vaporizing the liquid fuel when the burner isstarted from cold is provided by a pan 52 having a filling of capillarymaterial 53 such as asbestos, and provided with guides 54 at each endthereof. The guides are adapted to slide between flanges 56 formed withthe supports 19 and overlying the longitudinal channel iron 17 and theburner bars and spacer strips. One of the guides 54 is formed'into aconvenient handle 57 by which thepan 52 canbe inscrted below thevaporizin tube 21. The material 53 is saturated wit a volatile fuelwhich is ignited. The an is then placed underneath the vaporizing tubeand the heat evolved by the fuel in the pan readily vaporizes the fuelwithin the tube 21. The vaporized fuel issuing from the spray tip32-enters with the pro r proportion of air into the mixing cham rand isevenly distributed to the various channels within iso ing a conduit issuflicient to vaporize fuel Within the vaporizing tube 21.

' I claim:

1. A li uid fuel burner comprising a mixing cham r having a longitudinalopening therein, and a closure overlying said opening and having alongitudinal conduit forming an extension of said mixing chamber, saidclosure including a plurality of juxtaposed burner bars forming fuelrelease apertures therebetween and providing transverse channelsconnecting said apertures to said longitudinal conduit.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a mixing chamber having an openingtherein, and a closure overl ing said opening and havfbrmin anextension. of said mixin chamber, sai closure including a plurality ofjuxtaposed burner bars having recurring enlargements to formtherebetween groups of fuel release apertures and transverse channelsconnectlng each of said groups to said conduit.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a closure including a base platehaving an elongated aperture therein, a channel iron secured to saidplate and overlying said aperture, the sides of said channel iron being.

partly cut away, a plurality of burner bars secured to the side of saidchannel iron, and separator strips between said burner bars.

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising a cl0- sure including a base platehaving an elongated aperture. therein, a channel iron secured to saidplate and overlying said aperture, said channel iron having portions ofits sides spaced from said plate, a plurality of vertically disposedburner bars secured to one side of said channel iron, projectionsextending laterally and depending from said bars, and separator stripscontacting said projections and forming fuel release aperturestherewith.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set In hand.

y JESSE E. KRESKY.

